Fast Food Nation Synthesis

Sarah Whitaker Mrs. Kurtz A. P. Language and Composition 6 February 2013 The Meatpacking Industry: One of the Most Dangerous Jobs in the U. S. A report from the American Meat Institute shows that the U. S. is home to around 6,000 meatpacking plants. A large number of occupations everywhere throughout the nation are made through meatpacking plants. These low paying, dangerous occupations are cleared up by people, these individuals unconscious of what precisely they have gotten themselves into. The meatpacking, today, has gotten one of the most hazardous employments in America.As found by Steven Greenhouse of the New York times, â€Å"†¦the nation’s meat pressing industry has such awful working conditions that it damages essential human and specialist rights. † Ever since the distribution of the popular book by Upton Sainclairâ€The Jungle†individuals everywhere throughout the world have thought that it was vital for assessments to be thought of and for change s to be finished with little achievement. Laborers in today’s plants appear to have similar issues that were confronted very nearly 100 years ago.The Appleseed Center For Law found an expected â€Å"total of 62 percent of those met said they had been harmed at work in the previous year, a rate multiple times higher than the government’s official measurement for slaughterhouse workers†¦. †, as found in Reprt:Line Speed, Injuries Increase for Slaughterhouse Workers. So what befell the truly necessary wellbeing laws? It’s basic truly, they just aren’t being followed. Numerous laborers today, who live in appalling working conditions step by step to make their living for them and their families, are not being treated as they are intended to be and this has just made the business bigger.One individual stops or gets injured and another is there, effectively filling the new vacant position. Grievances don’t help either, as found by Gail Eisnitz , likewise refered to in Reprt:Line Speed, Injuries Increase for Slaughterhouse Workers, â€Å"Slaughterhouse laborers discuss a creation framework that moves to fast†¦despite various protests to managementâ€as well as innumerable injuriesâ€the organizations won't make changes since easing back the procedure would mean not getting as much cash. † As found in Eric Schlosser’s ook Fast Food Nation the basic certainty is that with influence and cash there comes harmed ethics. The huge entrepreneurs just don’t care! Since the mysteries are out and the business is â€Å"naked† to the open now, the individuals are not calling the business â€Å"The Jungle of the 2000s†, an article put out by the Associated Press States. Martin Cotez as met by the Associated Press says, â€Å"You know what I like to state to the newcomers? They don’t execute bovines. They execute individuals. † This, a reaction to his own story depiction, just put s an entirely different mark on the business; murderers!Sinclair’s book distributed such a long time ago despite everything appears to have scarcely affected the business of today. As examined in Fast Food Nation, Schlosser additionally talks about the injury of laborers all through part 8, viably named â€Å"The Most Dangerous Job. † One case of the loathsome working conditions additionally originates from Fast Food Nation, Jesus â€Å"A calm representative of DCS Sanitation Managerment, Inc† Talks of an encounter he had on one of his cleaning obligations, â€Å"One night while Jesus was cleaning, a colleague neglected to kill a machine, lost two fingers, and went into shock.An rescue vehicle came and removed him, as every other person kept on cleaning. He was back grinding away the next week. ‘if one hand is no good,’ the director told him,’use the other. ’† Not just did the administrator not give it a second thought, an indiv idual was harmed and still came back to the activity he clearly required. So what should be finished? Clearly whatever it is, its not occurring. So despite the fact that the interest for food is high in this country, what’s progressively significant, our food or our residents? expanded interest at slaughterhouses has caused an ascent in business related injuries† as indicated by a report by a Nebraska-based non-benefit. Individuals in these plants are getting injured on the grounds that it’s what the activity requests as well as on the grounds that the more we as buyers need, the more the large business proprietors will request more work. So what will we as American residents do? Work Cited â€Å"American Meat Institute. †Ã‚ American Meat Institute. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. â€Å"Report: Line Speeds, Injuries Increase for Slaughterhouse Workers. † Digging Through the Dirt, 8 Oct. 2009. Web. 7 Feb. 2013. Nursery, Steven. † Meat Packing Industry Critic ized on Human Rights Grounds. † The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 25 Jan. 2005. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Dangers, strains prowl in meatpacking industry†. Related Press. Breaking News and Top Stories World News, US and Local: NBC News, 24 Apr. 2006. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Safety and Health Guide for the Meatpacking Industry. † Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. Schlosser,Eric. Cheap Food Nation. New York: Harper And Perennial,2005. Print.

The Trail of Evidence From Treatment To Causes of Depression Essay

The Trail of Evidence From Treatment To Causes of Depression At the point when an individual is discouraged, the essential trademark is an emotional consciousness of mind-set change: the individual has a progressing sentiment of bitterness or vacancy. This inclination is regularly joined by eating unsettling influences, sentiments of misery, powerlessness to focus, uncertainty, rest aggravations, lost enthusiasm for charming exercises, psychomotor impediment, weariness, languor or laziness, and is frequently co-dreary with different scatters, particularly nervousness. This star grouping of sentiments and detectable practices give rise the term gloom. In situations where the downturn isn't serious or intermittent, psychotherapy alone might be adequate. In any case, by and large, antidepressants related to psychotherapy are demonstrated. What's more, in some extent of cases, where the downturn is particularly serious, constant, crippling and impervious to antidepressants, treatments including electrical incitement to the cerebrum are some of the time utilized. In brain science, speculations encompassing the etiology of despondency change generally, from neurobiological to intellectual to conduct, socioenvironmental and psychodyanmic. Biosocial models recognize that both organic inclination and ecological variables assume an intuitive job in the creation and upkeep of wretchedness. The sensory system is continually evolving. It changes because of its own movement, which itself is an impression of reactions to an assortment of sources: outer info, the framework's own repetitive vacillations, and its adjustment due to past encounters. Besides, the sensory system's progressions happen in differing degrees, from incredibly transitory (activity possibilities transitorily change the sensory system) to la... ...ations with Neil's Brain , by William Calvin and George Ojemann http://www.williamcalvin.com/bk7/bk7.htm 7)NAME OF YOUR THIRD WEB REFERENCE SITE, COMMENTS ABOUT IT http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro01/web3/URL%20OF%20YOUR%20THIRD%20WEB%20REFERENCE 8) New strategy looks encouraging for treatment safe gloom http://www.psych.org/pnews/00-01-21/technique.html 9) Vagus nerve incitement for treatment-safe sorrows: a multi-focus study. driven by John Rush http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/bps/abstracts/994888abs.htm 10) VNS: cutting edge trust in those with significant gloom , by Sandra Gordon http://aolsvc.health.cbshealthwatch.aol.com/ 11) A noradrenergic and serotonergic speculation of the linkage among epilepsy and full of feeling issue by P C Jobe et al http://depression.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm

The significance of early cinema for our study of the history of the cinema

The field of film is comprised of certain media which incorporate; films, film and movies.The history of film, otherwise called film, follows back to more than one hundred years prior from the earliest starting point of the nineteenth century to date.Advertising We will compose a custom research project test on The noteworthiness of early film for our investigation of the historical backdrop of the film explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The film has been its improvement from its theoretical structure and today it is the most significant methods for correspondence. Since its advancement, movies hugy affect expressions, innovation and governmental issues. This paper talks about the essentialness of early film for our investigation of the historical backdrop of the film. In film improvement, the most critical undertaking has been to reproduce and introduce reality through different imaginative methods which have been created in accordance with film innovation. In cr aftsmanship history, we get the opportunity to discover that film was not developed for the time being and along these lines, it is a result of a slow collection of knowledge and the innovation which was accessible at various occasions. The early film assessment in film history takes the student through the spearheading work of numerous individuals who motivated Auguste and Louis Lumiã ¨re to concoct a Cinã ©matographe framework, which introduced moving pictures in 28 December 1895. Film students of history has it that there were numerous creations which went before Cinã ©matographe, for example, the moving picture projections and shadow plays, which follows their root in Java and India thousand years back. These included making an outline by controlling some calfskin manikins utilizing bars and set past a translucent material. The innovation of shadow plays has been received, affected and fitted into today’s film and are being utilized. After this innovation of shadows; t here was the development of the enchantment lamp which was produced using a case, a light which could be encased inside and a drawn picture. From this creation, there was as yet the component of projection which is still being used today. The enchantment lamps turned out to be progressively common in the nineteenth century and they accompanied refinement as they conveyed various focal points. This innovation turned out to be well known and the lights were available in many pieces of the world by the nineteenth century. Early film gives us the information we could never had in the manner the innovation developed and the early innovators in the field. In the investigation of any history, there must be some detectable way of advancement of the topic as is the historical backdrop of film associated with early cinemas.Advertising Looking for research project on craftsmanship and plan? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As right on time as 1888, Alva Edison placed that, â€Å"I am testing upon an instrument which accomplishes for the eye what the phonograph accomplishes for the ear, which is the account and multiplication of things in motion† (Robinson 138). In this line Edison imagined his good phonograph and as his underlying point, the model of a chamber was not all that promising thus Edison turned to utilizing a segment of straightforward film, an innovation acquired from Marey from Europe. By 1892, two extraordinary advancements had been made by Edison to be specific; Kinetograph, which was utilized to record pictures and the Kinetoscope, which was utilized to see them. In any case, it was not long after that the machines were raking in tons of cash and he understood that a few creations were undermining their business. This was Edison’s first creation to get into business and it fared quite well and this can be obvious from his announcement cited here, that; We are making these peep show m achines and selling a ton of them at a decent benefit. On the off chance that we put out a screen machine there will be an utilization for possibly ten of them in the entire United States. With that many screen machines you could demonstrate the photos to everybody in the nation †and afterward it would be finished. Let’s not murder the goose that lays the brilliant eggs. (Robinson 39) Lumiã ¨re siblings on the opposite side of Europe are credited for developing the film and this followed numerous pioneers who made various commitments during that time. The centrality of these innovations in the early occasions is the looking for of information which could be propelled today to create increasingly practiced developments. The information on early film can enable the individuals who to take film creation profession particularly in the planning and creation of movies. For instance, it was from the early film that Henri Langlois reproduced motion pictures and from them he won a privileged honor in 1974. Langlois indicated diverse early movies consistently and the individuals who enjoyed his movies were astonished at his programming capacity. Langlois had films from the Nazis, which he recuperated and refined them and he created from early movies an occupation which nobody thought of previously. Subsequently, early film can be extremely useful in enhancing today’s diversion and data industry consequently noteworthy to film students of history. The apparition of the Cinematheque uncovers Langlois’ mission for the work of art which looks like Lumiã ¨re’s shadows (Robinson 39). In addition, it was Adre Bazin who prospected that film has its establishment in photography and subsequently has the sensible part of it. Along these lines, he accepts that film; as in early film, can catch this present reality. This bodes well in the way that early movies caught the truth of the time more than all else. The investigation of the historical back drop of film consequently empowers understudies of film history to catch the truth of the world when they were being made. Since history reflects numerous regular social angles which have been conveyed to today, it is conceivable to mirror the truth of yesterday in today’s correspondence and amusement. This can't occur without the accessibility of the early film just as their study.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The hugeness of early film for our investigation of the historical backdrop of the film explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn all in all, early film can't be messed with in their commitment of today’s film industry. The film has developed from Lumiã ¨re siblings, to Cohn Brothers and by today we have seen Hollywood offer ascent to Bollywood and the innovation is still in the method of its development to high statures. In this way, the creations of early film were something other than an innovation around then and it tag ged along hundreds of years leaving solid establishments. The film business, which is driving in offering diversion, data and training, couldn't have the manner in which it is today were it not for the endeavors of the creators of film. The majority of the materials which are consolidated into the film today can be followed back in the film blunder and they act to enhance one another. This couldn't have been conceivable without the information on early film advancements. Early film thusly assumes a noteworthy job not just in the investigation of the historical backdrop of film yet in addition in its evaluation, thankfulness and appropriation. Work Cited Robinson, David. Understanding the vision: 300 years of cinematography, in Cinema: the Beginnings and the future, altered by Cristopher Williams. London: University of Westminster Press, 1996. Print. This research paper on The essentialness of early film for our investigation of the historical backdrop of the film was composed and presented by client Ethan M. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Where the Red Fern Grows Analysis free essay sample

In this book Billy learns reality with regards to life; that while having a significant obligation you increase a feeling of development and adulthood. Billy shows development when he attempts to set aside the cash for the pooches. First he indicated discipline and an awareness of other's expectations when he needed to spare the 50 dollars to purchase his mutts. Billy set aside cash for a long time maintaining odd sources of income and furthermore working at his grandpa’s general store. He didn’t go through any cash while sparing and gathered everything that would help he kept pennies and some other kind of money. In the wake of setting aside the cash he furtively went out and strolled about 10 miles through the forested areas to town. While around he went to the mail station to get his little guys. He likewise went to the stores around and bought things for his family with his own cash. Billy getting down to business all alone and demonstrating the control and all the more significantly, the development to purchase his mutts besides demonstrates the point that having a significant obligation gives you a feeling of adulthood. We will compose a custom exposition test on Where the Red Fern Grows Analysis or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when Billy contends with other men and pooches in the coon chasing rivalry he shows a primary change from being a youngster to turning into a man. Subsequent to chasing for a year Billy pursues a chasing competition, going up against men who are both more established and increasingly experienced trackers. While at the opposition a significant image of him growing up is that before his first chase his dad and granddad pour three cups of espresso rather than two. This shows Billy’s older folks don’t consider him to be â€Å"just a kid† yet a youthful grown-up. He proceeds to win the opposition while battling through a snowstorm. Billy winning the opposition and being offered espresso demonstrates his change to turning into a youthful grown-up. The last case of Billy developing is him grieving the passing of his pooches. His pooches kicked the bucket from a malignant assault from a mountain lion while in a chase. When each pooch passed on Billy was inquired as to whether he needed assistance covering them yet he won't. To me this shows Billy was tolerating the duty of his pooches as exclusively his. This shows a serious feeling of development and is his last advance to adulthood. Billy covered his mutts under a red greenery which is viewed as sacrosanct in the Ozarks, yet when he discusses the red plant developing that represents Billy becoming over the passing of his canines and turning into a develop grown-up. At the point when he covered his mutts under the plant with no assistance this is the fundamental case of him developing increasingly develop and being a bit nearer to adulthood. Billy discovers that accepting a significant accountability picks up you the feeling of development and adulthood. He learns the significance of duty, picking up development, lastly turning into a grown-up. On the off chance that you recall your first cherished pet you should likewise recollect the tragic time that creature kicked the bucket. At the point when this happened you may have unwittingly made a stride nearer to adulthood and being an increasingly full grown individual. Where the Red Fern Grows Analysis free paper test In this book Billy learns reality with regards to life; that while having a significant duty you increase a feeling of development and adulthood. Billy shows development when he attempts to set aside the cash for the canines. First he indicated discipline and an awareness of other's expectations when he needed to spare the 50 dollars to purchase his pooches. Billy set aside cash for a long time maintaining odd sources of income and furthermore working at his grandpa’s general store. He didn’t go through any cash while sparing and gathered everything that would help he kept pennies and some other sort of money. In the wake of setting aside the cash he covertly went out and strolled about 10 miles through the forested areas to town. While around he went to the mail station to get his puppies. He additionally went to the stores around and bought things for his family with his own cash. Billy getting down to business all alone and demonstrating the control and all the more significantly, the development to purchase his mutts besides demonstrates the point that having a significant obligation gives you a feeling of adulthood. We will compose a custom article test on Where the Red Fern Grows Analysis or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when Billy contends with other men and pooches in the coon chasing rivalry he shows a principle progress from being a youngster to turning into a man. Subsequent to chasing for a year Billy pursues a chasing competition, contending with men who are both more established and increasingly experienced trackers. While at the opposition a significant image of him growing up is that before his first chase his dad and granddad pour three cups of espresso rather than two. This shows Billy’s seniors don’t consider him to be â€Å"just a kid† however a youthful grown-up. He proceeds to win the opposition while battling through a snowstorm. Billy winning the opposition and being offered espresso demonstrates his change to turning into a youthful grown-up. The last case of Billy developing is him grieving the demise of his mutts. His canines passed on from a malevolent assault from a mountain lion while in a chase. When each pooch kicked the bucket Billy was inquired as to whether he needed assistance covering them however he can't. To me this shows Billy was tolerating the duty of his canines as exclusively his. This shows a serious feeling of development and is his last advance to adulthood. Billy covered his mutts under a red greenery which is viewed as holy in the Ozarks, yet when he discusses the red plant developing that represents Billy becoming over the demise of his canines and turning into a develop grown-up. At the point when he covered his pooches under the plant with no assistance this is the fundamental case of him developing progressively develop and being a bit nearer to adulthood. Billy discovers that accepting a significant accountability picks up you the feeling of development and adulthood. He learns the significance of duty, picking up development, lastly turning into a grown-up. In the event that you recollect your first cherished pet you should likewise recall the pitiful time that creature kicked the bucket. At the point when this happened you may have accidentally made a stride nearer to adulthood and being a progressively full grown individual.

Consequences of Nick Carraway as Narrator of F. Scott Fitzgeralds The

The Importance of Nick Carraway as Narrator of The Great Gatsby  In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald investigates the dissatisfaction of the American Dream by differentiating the debasement of the individuals who embrace a shallow way of life with the genuineness of Nick Carraway. As Carraway acquaints himself with the lives of Tom and Daisy Buchanan, Jordan Baker and Jay Gatsby, he understands the bogus enticing quality of the New York way of life and recaptures regard for the Midwest he deserted. Fitzgerald needs a target storyteller to pass on and demonstrate this analysis, and utilizations Carraway as the perspective character, yet in addition as a counter guide to the unethical behavior and untrustworthiness Carraway finds in New York (Bewley 31). Fitzgerald must build this storyteller as dependable. Because of the idea of the novel, the peruser would not accept the story in the event that it were told from the viewpoint of some other character. Fitzgerald can't anticipate that the peruser should accept what the indecent and imprudent characters need to state, and he invests so much energy building up them all things considered. In this manner, Carraway is regarded storyteller and the peruser confides in him. As the viable character in the novel, Carraway isn't imprudent; he isn't influenced by the covetousness and liquor as some different individuals from East and West Egg society are. He declares, I have been flushed only twice in my life (Fitzgerald 33). Fitzgerald develops Carraway as a supporter, not a man of activity. He watches Gatsby's gatherings, never completely encountering them. He watches the second prior to the kiss between the diva and her executive, in spite of the fact that Fitzgerald never subtleties the rawness of his relationship with Baker. He watches the undertaking between Tom Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson, however he never goes up against Tom Buchanan, nor does he e... ...y to recount to the story, yet in addition to study the mass dissatisfaction with the American Dream. Carraway's trustworthiness makes him perfect to speak to all that the Buchanans need and legitimizes his appreciation of Gatsby. No peruser would consider the full effect of Fitzgerald's topics had less consideration been given to the creation and execution of the character of Carraway. Works Cited and Consulted: Bewley, Marius. Scott Fizgerald's Criticism of America. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1983. Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1992. Hobsbawm, Eric. The Age of Extremes. New York: Pantheon, 1994. Raleigh, John Henry. F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby. Trilling 99-103. Trilling, Lionel. F. Scott Fitzgerald. Critical Essays on Scott Fitzgerald's Incredible Gatsby. Ed. Scott Donaldson. Boston: Hall, 1984. 13-20.

MIT Regular Action Deadline Taking Questions

MIT Regular Action Deadline Taking Questions Please remember that January 1 is the submission deadline for students applying for regular action admission to MIT. This means that you should you should click the final submit button of your online application on or before January 1. If you are applying on paper, have the Post Office postmark and mail your materials on or before January 1. However, I strongly discourage procrastination. The closer you send in your application to the deadline, the longer it will take our records office to process and for it to appear on your Application Tracking. Our records office is fully staffed over the holidays and is, even as I write, busily processing all of the application pieces that have been submitted. Also, please note that you do not need to express mail or overnight your application. I especially encourage students who live outside the United States to submit their applications as soon as possible. I encourage you not to wait until the very last moment to submit your application. If your application is ready to go, click that button, or stamp that mail! I hope these blogs have been very helpful to you as the regular action deadline approaches. Check out the archive if you havent already, including questions answers. For questions we havent yet answered, please leave your query in the comments of this entry. On Thursday, Ill be going through the questions posted in this entrys comments and answering them, before taking a quick vacation to celebrate the new year (and then starting the regular action process soon after). So, even if youve posted your question in a different entrys comments, I hope youll post it again here so I can collect the questions altogether. Happy Boxing Day!

ADHD and White Noise - Free Essay Example

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, more commonly known as ADHD, is an inheritable, meaning that it can run in families, developmental disorder. ADHD falls into a broad spectrum of neuro-developmental disorders and is typically characterized by hyperactivity, learning difficulty, inability to focus and/or sustain attention, and impulsiveness. Typically, ADHD is diagnosed around age 7, but it can actually manifest across the lifespan. In the United States of America alone, it is estimated that between 3-7% of all children are suffering from ADHD (Boong-Nyun et al., 2010). As our knowledge of and research into ADHD expands, we have seen that ADHD is much more than an inability to focus, hyperness, and difficulty concentrating. ADHD has also been shown to affect the working memory of its victims (Watcher, 2008). Multiple areas of the brain have been the focus and received the blame for causing ADHD. From the frontal cortex, to the cerebellum, to white matter, and even glial cells (Garrett, 2009). Perhaps one of the most interesting findings in the last decade has been that, according to MRI scans, most ADHD patients have decreased volume in the prefrontal and temporal cortexes, denser gray matter, and reduced amounts of white matter (Garrett, 2009). In laymens terms, people with ADHD have smaller, more active brains than their counterparts. A simple analogy would be the ADHD brain is a Chihuahua and the average brain is a Saint Bernard. One is always active and reactive to even the smallest things, constantly jumping and barking with and without reason; whereas the other is a balance of activity and rest, lazy and watchful until something warrants attention and reaction. Another interesting thing about ADHD is that it has also been associated with catecholamine dysfunction, which is importa nt for response selection and memory formation (Espen-Borga et al, 2009). Ritalin has long been the most well known and effective treatment for ADHD, effectively used for over 60 years and successfully reducing approximately 70% of symptoms in children suffering from ADHD (Swanson et. al., 1998). However, as research has expanded, anti-depressants, SSRIs, and norepinephrine enhancers, like Concerta, Adderall, Straterra, and Focalin, have been successfully used to treat ADHD, with less side effects (Baijot et al., 2016; Garrett, 2009). It has long been known that cognitive processing is easily disturbed by incompatible environmental stimulation which distracts attention from tasks and that ADHD individuals are more vulnerable to the distraction than normal (Geffner et al, 1996). Such incompatible stimulation includes: classroom visitors, group work, other students misbehaving, etc. Such occurrences can easily get ADHD students off task and make it extremely difficult to pick back up on their train of thought. Other students misbehaving is especially bad, as it can perpetuate the ADHD childs rambunctiousness. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that certain types of task irrelevant white noise can actually improve the memory performance of ADHD students (Geran et al, 2010). Key Terms Optimal Stimulation, in humans, is the tendency to develop and/or acquire reactions in which, when we are faced with too little stimulation, we increase our stimulation, and when too much stimulation is occurring, we decrease out stimulation. For example, tapping a pen or pencil in a quiet room, while taking an exam or having completed an exam versus leaving the room or using noise reducing/cancelling devices if we are surrounded by too much auditory stimulation. People, especially children with ADHD often self stimulate and/or seek stimulation. This can be anything from bouncing their feet, to tapping pencils, to lip smacking. Optimal Stimulation Theory suggests that we can reduce self stimulatory behaviors in ADHD children by increasing environmental stimulants, because, ultimately ADHD are under-aroused by environmental stimulation, which results in their off task behaviors and distractibility (Leuba, 1955). Stimulus Reduction Theory is the counterargument of Optimal Stimulation Theory. This theory argues that the reason children with ADHD are so hyperactive and distractible is because they cannot filter out irrelevant environmental stimulation (Strauss Lehtinen, 1947). For example, an oscillating fan would provide a place of fixed attention and overwhelm a students ability to focus on the voice of his/her teacher. Therefore, stimulation should be reduced to help promote performance. However, as we have seen in studies such as Sneddon (2004) the Stimulus Reduction Theory does not have significant supporting evidence and has even failed in classroom applications. Moderate Brain Arousal is a theoretical model for ADHD that is currently garnering attention and research. MBA takes aspects from both Optimal Stimulation and Stimulus Reduction Theory, and suggests that under-aroused ADHD children will seek stimulation ad self stimulate, but that these same students will see poor attention and irritability when they are over stimulated. MBA also makes use of the idea of Stochastic Resonance, which is the name for the phenomenon in which we each have an optimal amount of noise that is beneficial for our cognitive performance. For example, some people like quiet to study and cannot focus with any noise, whereas others listen to classical music and even rock to help them focus (So?â‚ ¬derlund, Gustafsson, Bjork, 2016). Themes Typically, it is thought and believed that noise adversely effects and impairs cognitive performance, especially in children with ADHD. However, many studies conflict with this concept. Multiple studies suggest that children and adolescents with ADHD actually perform better, have less off task behavior, and experience better memory and attention during periods of white and/or pink noise than they do in quieter environments and/or silence. Research studies by Angwin et al. (2018), Cook, Bradley-Johnson, Johnson (2015), Han et al. (2013), Helps et al. (2014), Korman et al. (2017), Proverbio et al. (2018), and Tegelbeckers et al. (2015) have all found that auditory white noise can improve memory performance of students with ADHD and decrease inattentiveness and off task behaviors. Several of the aforementioned studies also held to the idea that the white noise was effective in these students because it raised students stimulation to optimal levels, as suggested by Optimal Stimulation T heory and MBA Models. Soderlund et al. (2010) and Baijot et al. (2016) even provided indications that children and adolescents experiencing inattentiveness without ADHD benefit from the use of classroom white noise. Not all studies, however, demonstrate that noise has a facilitative effect on cognitive performance. One study by Cook, Bradley-Johnson, Johnson (2014), showed no change in the academic performance of ADHD students when they used white noise, but a minor reduction in off-task behaviors. There has also been significant research showing that noise can be detrimental to cognitive focus and ability. Dalton and Behm (2007) and Kampe, Sedlmeier, Pekewitz (2010) demonstrated in their research studies that there are instances in which background noise can be detrimental to performance, as well as providing inconsistent results. Both Daltons study and Kampes study have shown that while the background music can have a positive effect on motivation and emotional response, it negatively effects the cognitive processing of language. Summary Significant numbers of research studies suggest that low level white noise can significantly reduce off task behaviors of students with attention deficit disorders. Most of the literature suggests that the attention and memory of students with attention disorders is improved through the use of white noise. Furthermore, the research significantly implies that the implementation of white noise in classrooms not only helps students receiving drug therapy for ADHD, but may also provide an option for struggling students with ADHD whos parents are resistant to drug therapies.